Appeal student rental decisions in Portugal

Lease types (fixed/indefinite, room, student) 3 min read · published September 11, 2025

If you are a student tenant in Portugal facing a landlord decision — such as a rent increase, eviction, or refusal of repairs — this text explains in plain language how to contest or appeal. You will find practical steps to gather evidence, send formal notices, and use official channels like the Tenants and Landlords Desk (BAS/BNA). The focus is Portugal: deadlines, documents and administrative and judicial options relevant to student rentals. The aim is to provide clear guidance to protect tenant rights without legal jargon, including when to seek agreement, when to file an administrative complaint, and when to get legal help.

What it means to contest or appeal

To contest or appeal is to request that a landlord's or authority's decision be reviewed. In student leases, this may include disputing a rent increase, responding to an eviction notice, or demanding repairs for lack of habitability. Often it starts by communicating in writing to the landlord and keeping evidence of the situation.

Organised documentation makes any future challenge easier.

Deadlines, evidence and essential documents

Knowing deadlines is crucial: some administrative and judicial procedures have short time limits. Always collect the contract, rent receipts, message exchanges, photos of property conditions and repair estimates. Note dates and witnesses.

Responding within deadlines increases chances of success.
  • Signed lease agreement and any addenda.
  • Rent receipts and security deposit receipts.
  • Photos and logs of messages about maintenance issues.
  • Formal notices sent or received (mail, email, registered letter).
  • Record of legal and administrative deadlines to meet.

Practical steps to contest (overview)

Follow a practical sequence: notify the landlord in writing, gather evidence, try an informal resolution, and if unsuccessful, file a complaint at BAS/BNA or consider court action. Below we describe each step in more detail.

  1. Send a formal notification to the landlord describing the issue and what you want (e.g., repair, suspension of increase).
  2. Collect and order all evidence: contract, receipts, photos and witness statements.
  3. Check applicable deadlines and note the cutoff dates for administrative or judicial challenges.
  4. If there is no agreement, file a complaint with the Tenants and Landlords Desk (BAS/BNA) using the official forms.
  5. If necessary, prepare and submit a civil court action; consult templates and procedural deadlines.
Always keep physical and digital copies of all documents you send or receive.

Administrative deadlines and remedies

Some complaints start via administrative channels: BAS/BNA receives complaints and attempts mediation. Forms are available through the justice portal and the process can avoid court. If the administrative procedure ends without remedy, you can still go to court.

Administrative remedies can be faster and less costly than court proceedings.

When to seek legal help

Seek legal help if you face imminent eviction, large deposit disputes, or complex contractual issues. Many cities have tenant support services and university legal clinics that assist students.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long do I have to contest a rent increase?
It depends on the procedure; check BAS/BNA deadlines and request clarification in writing as soon as you receive the notice.
Can I withhold rent if the landlord does not make repairs?
Withholding rent is risky; document the failure and pursue legal or administrative remedies to demand repairs before withholding payments.
Where are BAS/BNA forms found?
Official forms and guidance are available on the justice portal and on the Citius platform for filing complaints.

How-To

  1. Gather all relevant documentation and create a timeline of events.
  2. Send a written notice to the landlord specifying requests and a deadline for response.
  3. If there is no response, file a complaint with BAS/BNA using official forms.
  4. If the issue persists, consider court action with appropriate legal support.
  5. Seek local tenant support services and free legal assistance when available.

Key Takeaways

  • Always respect procedural and administrative deadlines.
  • Document everything from the first sign of an issue.
  • Use BAS/BNA before proceeding to court where possible.

Help and Support / Resources


  1. [1] DRE - NRAU and applicable legislation
  2. [2] Citius - Forms and BAS/BNA
Bob Jones
Bob Jones

Editor & Researcher, Tenant Rights Portugal

Bob writes and reviews tenant law content for various regions. They’re passionate about housing justice and simplifying legal protections for tenants everywhere.