Evidence for Tenants in Portugal: Photos & Records
Collecting clear evidence can be decisive when you are a tenant in Portugal and need to prove the condition of the property, payments or breaches. This guide explains, in plain language, how to photograph issues, record communications, obtain witnesses and organize documents for move-in or move-out inspections and for formal complaints. It does not replace legal advice, but offers practical steps to increase protection of your rights and reduce the risk of litigation. Follow the instructions to create a useful file in tenancy disputes, housing inspections and repair requests. It includes practical examples of essential photos, how to record date and time, copies of rent receipts and how to notify the landlord in writing. It also indicates when to contact the Tenant and Landlord Desk and which official documents (NRAU, Civil Code) are relevant.
What counts as evidence
- Photos with date and context.
- Written records: emails, messages and contracts.
- Witness statements with contacts.
- Rent receipts and payment proofs.
- Short videos that show persistent problems.
Step by step to collect
- Record date and time on photos and videos.
- Save messages, emails and written records in an organized folder.
- Notify the landlord in writing and keep proof of sending.
- Note witnesses with contacts and a short written statement.
- Keep rent receipts, expense proofs and payment records.
Organize your file
- Create an index with copies of the contract and main documents.
- Build a timeline with dates, contacts and events.
- Separate receipts and payment proofs by month.
- Include correspondence sent and received, with proof of dispatch.
- Make digital backups in at least two locations.
When to use evidence in inspection or dispute
In move-in and move-out inspections (protocol, photos) evidence helps demonstrate the state of the property; Law no. 6/2006 and the Civil Code set out rights and duties[1]. If you need support to file a complaint or petition, the Tenant and Landlord Desk provides forms and guidance[2].
FAQ
- Which evidence should I collect at move-in?
- Dated photos, a signed inventory, a copy of the contract and witness contacts.
- How do I send a notification to the landlord?
- Send in writing, prefer registered mail with acknowledgment or email with confirmation, and keep the proof.
- How long should I keep documents?
- Keep receipts and records at least for the duration of the contract and for one more year for safety.
How to
- Take photographs with date and context and save the original files.
- Gather messages, emails and receipts in an organized folder by date.
- Notify the landlord in writing and keep proof of sending.
- Ask witnesses for a short statement and keep contacts.
- Make backups and prepare a chronological summary for inspections or proceedings.
Key takeaways
- Document everything immediately with context.
- Observe legal and notification deadlines.
- Use official channels for support and forms.
